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The inflationary prediction of a flat Universe is at odds with current determinations of the matter density (₌0. 2-0. 4). This dilemma can be resolved if a smooth component contributes the remaining energy density (ₗ=1-₌). We parametrize the smooth component by its equation of state, pₗ=wₗ, and show that XCDM with w-0. 6, ₌0. 3, and h0. 7 is the best fit to all present cosmological data. Together, the position of the peak in the CMB angular power spectrum and the type Ia supernova magnitude-redshift diagram provide a crucial test of XCDM.
Turner et al. (1997) studied this question.