Mechanisms of Time Banditry Behavior on Employees’ Proactive Behavior

With the development of the internet and communication technology, employee time banditry behavior has become more complex and diversified, with increasing frequency, posing new challenges to enterprise management practices. However, little is known about the effects of such behavior. Based on the conservation of resources theory, this study employed hierarchical regression analysis using data from 474 two-time point questionnaires to explore the relationship between time banditry behaviors and employees’ proactive behaviors, and delved into intermediary mechanisms and boundary conditions. The results show that work engagement and work–family conflict play a chain-mediated role in the effects of time banditry behavior on employees’ proactive behaviors. Work calling moderates the relationship between time banditry behavior and work engagement. The research conclusion enriches the study on the effects of time banditry behavior and provides a new perspective for effectively managing time banditry behavior.