Three-dimensional cardiac electrical imaging localized ventricular pacing sites with an average error of 6.1±2.3 mm and correlated with noncontact mapping electrograms (r=0.62±0.09).
Does 3DCEI accurately localize initiation sites and map transmural potentials compared to NCM in a swine model?
The 3DCEI approach can accurately localize ectopic beat initiation sites and obtain physiologically reasonable transmural potentials noninvasively in an in vivo swine model.
The three-dimensional cardiac electrical imaging (3DCEI) technique was previously developed to estimate the initiation site(s) of cardiac activation and activation sequence from the noninvasively measured body surface potential maps (BSPMs). The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the capability of 3DCEI in mapping the transmural distribution of extracellular potentials and localizing initiation sites of ventricular activation in an in vivo animal model. A control swine model (n = 10) was employed in this study. The heart-torso volume conductor model and the excitable heart model were constructed based on each animal's preoperative MR images and a priori known physiological knowledge. Body surface potential mapping and intracavitary noncontact mapping (NCM) were simultaneously conducted during acute ventricular pacing. The 3DCEI analysis was then applied on the recorded BSPMs. The estimated initiation sites were compared to the precise pacing sites; as a subset of the mapped transmural potentials by 3DCEI, the electrograms on the left ventricular endocardium were compared to the corresponding output of the NCM system. Over the 16 LV and 48 RV pacing studies, the averaged localization error was 6.1±2.3 mm, and the averaged correlation coefficient between the estimated endocardial electrograms by 3DCEI and from the NCM system was 0.62±0.09. The results demonstrate that the 3DCEI approach can well localize the sites of initiation of ectopic beats and can obtain physiologically reasonable transmural potentials in an in vivo setting during focal ectopic beats. This study suggests the feasibility of tomographic mapping of 3D ventricular electrograms from the body surface recordings.
Liu et al. (2012) studied Healthy swine model (n=10). Three-dimensional cardiac electrical imaging (3DCEI) vs. Intracavitary noncontact mapping (NCM) and precise pacing sites was evaluated on Localization error of initiation sites and correlation coefficient of endocardial electrograms. Three-dimensional cardiac electrical imaging localized ventricular pacing sites with an average error of 6.1±2.3 mm and correlated with noncontact mapping electrograms (r=0.62±0.09).