Risk factor-based pre-selection for insertable cardiac monitors yielded a 33.3% atrial fibrillation detection rate at 1 year, with LA size >45 mm and atrial runs as independent predictors.
Cohort (n=75)
Does risk factor-based pre-selection for insertable cardiac monitors improve the detection rate of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke or TIA?
Pre-selecting cryptogenic stroke patients for insertable cardiac monitors based on clinical and echocardiographic risk factors yields a 33.3% atrial fibrillation detection rate at 1 year, with left atrial dilation and atrial runs serving as independent predictors.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recently, the CRYSTAL AF trial detected paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) in 12.4% of patients after cryptogenic ischaemic stroke (IS) or cryptogenic transient ischaemic attack (TIA) by an insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) within 1 year of monitoring. Our aim was (i) to assess if an AF risk factor based pre-selection of ICM candidates would enhance the rate of AF detection and (ii) to determine AF risk factors with significant predictive value for AF detection. METHODS: Seventy-five patients with cryptogenic IS/TIA were consecutively enrolled if at least one of the following AF risk factors was present: a CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥4, atrial runs, left atrium (LA) size >45 mm, left atrial appendage (LAA) flow ≤0.2 m/s, or spontaneous echo contrast in the LAA. The electrocardiographic and echocardiographic criteria were chosen as they have been repeatedly reported to predict AF; the same applies for four of the six items of the CHA2DS2-VASc score. The study end-point was the detection of one or more episodes of AF (≥2 min). RESULTS: Seventy-four patients underwent implantation of an ICM; one patient had AF at the date of implantation. After 6 months, AF was detected in 21/75 patients (28%), after 12 months in 25/75 patients (33.3%). 92% of AF episodes were asymptomatic. LA size >45 mm and the presence of atrial runs were independently associated with AF detection hazard ratio 3.6 (95% confidence interval 1.6-8.4), P = 0.002, and 2.7 (1.2-6.7), P = 0.023, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The detection rate of AF is one-third after 1 year if candidates for an ICM after cryptogenic IS/TIA are selected by AF risk factors. LA dilation and atrial runs independently predict AF.
Poli et al. (2015) conducted a cohort in Cryptogenic ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (n=75). Insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) was evaluated on Detection of one or more episodes of AF (≥2 min). Risk factor-based pre-selection for insertable cardiac monitors yielded a 33.3% atrial fibrillation detection rate at 1 year, with LA size >45 mm and atrial runs as independent predictors.