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March 1, 2026Proceedings of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences0 citationsOpen Access

The stress-energy distributional multipole for both uncharged and charged dust

JGJonathan GratusSTSpyridon TalaganisWSWillow Sparks

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Abstract

Abstract In this paper, we formulate the distributional uncharged and charged stress-energy tensors. These are integrals, along a worldline, of derivatives of the delta-function. These distributions are also multipoles and they are prescribed to any order. They represent an extended region of non-self-interacting uncharged or charged dust, shrunken to a single point in space. We show that the uncharged dust stress-energy multipole is divergence-free, while the divergence of the charged dust stress-energy multipole is given by the current and the external electromagnetic field. We discuss the constitutive relations which produce this multipole. We show that they can be obtained by squeezing a regular dust stress-energy tensor onto the worldine. We discuss the aforementioned calculations in a coordinate-free manner.

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Cite This Study

Gratus et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1582779b87f33fc69f9e73https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2025.0618
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