ABSTRACT Embodied human‐machine interaction (EHMI) is predicated on the utilization of human motion signals as a medium of communication, with the objective of achieving a more natural, immersive, intuitive, and efficient interactive experience. The utilization of flexible hydrogel sensors as the EHMI core perception device remains limited due to discomfort caused by heavy loads and mechanical constraints. The present study developed a novel low‐constraint wearable hydrogel sensor patch (LCWHSP) based on the remote sensing mechanism of bionic spiders. The innovative integration of a Fenton‐like reaction into light‐curing 3D printing technology has facilitated the collaborative optimization of the printability and performance parameters of graphene‐Fe 3+ dynamically coordinated sodium alginate‐polyacrylamide (GFSP) double crosslinked hydrogel sensitive materials. The cross‐shaped structure design of the LCWHSP enables single‐point multidimensional sensing on the skin interface, thereby effectively reducing the sensation of wearing a foreign object caused by high‐density sensor arrays. High‐precision recognition of hand movements was achieved by utilizing a signal acquisition system and a deep learning analysis model (with an accuracy rate of 98.60%). Further using in typical EHMI scenarios, such as controlling virtual interfaces and manipulating robotic arms, fully validated its practical application potential.
Li et al. (2026) studied this question.