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The Mn-induced Cu (100) -c (22) structure has been investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Mn atoms adsorb as isolated atoms or small clusters at low coverages. Adsorbed Mn atoms replace the substrate Cu atoms to form an ordered surface alloy with a c (22) structure at 0. 5 ML. Large buckling of Mn atoms in the c (22) structure, which was proposed to explain a surface ferromagnetism, is not observed by STM.
Noh et al. (1994) studied this question.