= 17.57) were recruited. At baseline, participants completed the Morningness-Eveningness-Stability-Scale improved (MESSi), followed by 30 consecutive days of social connectedness assessments using a short version of the UBC State Social Connection Scale (UBC-SSCS). Analyses revealed that higher morning affect was associated both with higher overall levels and lower day-to-day variability in social connectedness. In contrast, higher distinctness was related to lower average levels of social connectedness and greater fluctuations across days. No significant associations were found between eveningness and social connectedness. These findings highlight the importance of morning affect, and crucially, circadian stability in contributing to individuals' perceived connection with others.
Nogalski et al. (2026) studied this question.