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June 1, 2026Composite Structures0 citationsOpen Access

Comparative assessment of analytical and numerical frameworks for shear-dominant interlaminar delamination in pultruded CFRP spar caps

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GJGeunsu JooYKYoung Cheol KimSKS W Kim

Key Points

  • This assessment aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different analytical and numerical frameworks for predicting shear-dominant interlaminar delamination in CFRP spar caps.
  • Conducted End-Notched Flexure tests to characterize Mode II fracture in pultruded CFRP spar caps.
  • Compared Virtual Crack Closure Technique (VCCT) and Cohesive Zone Model (CZM) in delamination predictions.
  • Assessed mesh sensitivity and crack propagation behavior using XFEM-VCCT with varying aspect ratios.
  • VCCT matched theory but delayed crack initiation compared to CZM.
  • CZM provided smooth softening and stable crack propagation, demonstrating the best stability-to-cost balance.
  • Both VCCT and CZM displayed low sensitivity to mesh refinement, while XFEM-VCCT performance depended on crack-front aspect ratio.

Abstract

• End-Notched Flexure tests characterize Mode II fracture in pultruded CFRP spar-caps. • Virtual Crack Closure Technique (VCCT) matches theory but delays crack initiation. • Cohesive Zone Model (CZM) reproduces smooth softening and stable crack propagation. • VCCT/CZM show low mesh sensitivity; XFEM–VCCT depends on crack-front aspect ratio. • With identical crack-tip refinement, CZM offers the best stability-to-cost balance.

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Cite This Study

Joo et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1d226d02fbce9130638303https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120517
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