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Increased penetration of small modular generation technologies interconnected to distribution systems forms a new type of power system, the micro-grid. Micro grids can provoke several technical problems in the operation of the grid, or face technical challenges in their operation and control, when operated as autonomous systems. In this paper the main related technical issues are discussed together with the DGs modelling requirements for their analysis.
Hatziargyriou et al. (2003) studied this question.