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June 3, 2026Bulletin of The Royal College of Surgeons of England0 citationsOpen Access

From benevolent deception to patient autonomy: a condensed history of consent in medical practice

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LPL PhelanMGM GrelaDNDN Naumann

Key Points

  • This paper examines the evolution of consent processes in medical practice, focusing on the balance between benevolent deception and patient autonomy.
  • Discussed historical perspectives on consent in medical settings.
  • Analyzed the implications of implied versus explicit consent.
  • Explored modern practices surrounding surgical consent and autonomy.
  • Identified key differences between types of consent—implied and explicit.
  • Highlighted the increasing importance of patient autonomy in surgical consent processes.
  • Demonstrated that modern consent practices aim to uphold dignity and respect patient choices.

Abstract

Consent may be implied, such as offering an arm when having a blood test, but other times, it is more explicit, confirmed by a signature after discussion about major surgery. The validity of the process may subsequently be tested in court. Modern consent for surgery assumes the patient's autonomy, and aims to ensure that a patient's dignity and choices are respected.

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Cite This Study

Phelan et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1fc3a6dee9eb8c0dce530ahttps://doi.org/10.1308/rcsbull.2026.77
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