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June 3, 2026Journal of Cleaner Production0 citationsOpen Access

Water–energy–carbon coupling index assessment of aeration control and techno-economic analysis of hybrid renewable energy for wastewater treatment plant

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ISIntae ShimJPJeongbeen ParkJLJuwon Lee

Key Points

  • The study aims to develop a framework for assessing the interactions between water quality, energy efficiency, and greenhouse gas emissions in wastewater treatment plants.
  • Developed a Water–Energy–Carbon Coupling Index (WECCI) framework integrating aeration control and renewable energy.
  • Utilized mixed-effects modeling to identify low-DO/high-NH3-N areas as greenhouse gas emission hotspots.
  • Implemented WECCI–TOPSIS for scenario optimization under various policy priorities.
  • Achieved up to 30.1% energy self-sufficiency with proposed hybrid renewable energy configurations.
  • Quantified trade-offs between water quality and energy efficiency.
  • Identified significant GHG emission hotspots in low-DO/high-NH3-N regions.

Abstract

• Developed a Water–Energy–Carbon Coupling Index (WECCI) framework integrating aeration control and renewable energy. • Quantified trade-offs between water quality, energy efficiency, and GHG emissions in WWTPs. • Identified low-DO/high-NH 3 -N regions as GHG emission hotspots using mixed-effects modeling. • Demonstrated robust scenario optimization using WECCI–TOPSIS under diverse policy priorities. • Proposed techno-economic hybrid renewable energy configurations achieving up to 30.1% energy self-sufficiency.

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Cite This Study

Shim et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1fc3eddee9eb8c0dce57behttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148609
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Also Consider

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  4. 4Towards enhancing wastewater treatment in Integrated Assessment and Computable General Equilibrium models2024 · 1 citations
  5. 5Renewable energy integration in wastewater treatment plants: A review of pathways to energy self-sufficiency and sustainability2026