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A time-averaging transient testing technique has been developed to allow for a rapid measurement of the matrix parameters and other frequency-dependent characteristics of acoustical systems with or without mean flow. The technique is applicable to systems with substantial flow noise contamination which is either random or periodic in nature. Flow and no-flow experiments were conducted on laboratory models of exhaust mufflers, variable area ducts, and complex piping networks. Excellent agreement between theoretical and experimental results was obtained. This success not only demonstrated the feasibility of the experimental technique for a range of practical industrial applications but also confirmed certain theoretical postulations that have not yet been verified adequately through comparison with experimental results.
Lung et al. (1983) studied this question.