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June 4, 2026International Journal of Sports Science & CoachingOpen Access

Children's experiences of increasing competitiveness in football: A Write-Draw-Show-Tell study across developmental stages

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Authors

RMRicardo MartinsWPWilliam PattisonKDKatie Fitton Davies

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Overview

Qualitative study explores enjoyment and emotional responses in children's football as competitiveness rises, suggesting coaching improvements.

Key Points

  • This research aims to understand how children's experiences of football change with increasing competitiveness and how enjoyment relates to these changes.
  • Conducted a qualitative study with 46 children in two age groups (<U12 and >U13) from grassroots football in the West Midlands, UK.
  • Utilized a Write-Draw-Show-Tell (WDST) approach, including focus groups and activities involving writing, drawing, and discussions.
  • Analysed data using reflexive thematic analysis alongside pen profile diagrams.
  • Identified five themes reflecting children's experiences: friendship and fun, winning and improvement, emotional highs and lows, support systems, and developing within the game.
  • Noted gender differences; girls focused on emotional support and social belonging, while boys highlighted competitiveness and performance pressures.
  • Children's enjoyment shifted from playful interactions to being influenced by performance expectations as they faced higher competitive demands.

Cite This Study

Martins et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2115f6d499ed480b16eefchttps://doi.org/10.1177/17479541261455252
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