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This study presents the validation of a personality assessment instrument for adolescents based on the five alternative factors and 20 facets proposed in the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire Short Form (ZKA-PQ/SF). The new instrument, named the Alternative Five Personality Inventory for Adolescents (A5PI-A), was administered to a sample of 1,472 adolescents 12 to 17 years old. Three control scales were developed: Inconsistency (INC), Positive Image Management (PIM), and Negative Image Management (NIM). The factor structure, comprising five factors and 20 facets, proved to be robust across two independent subsamples. Exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) analyses showed excellent goodness-of-fit indexes. Internal consistency coefficients were globally satisfactory, and 2-month test-retest reliability estimates were adequate. Correlations between self-report and parent-report versions were high. Convergent and divergent validity were examined using the JS NEO-S for adolescents, the first-order factors of the High School Personality Questionnaire, and parental ratings of adolescents' personality traits and externalizing behaviors. The results indicate a high degree of convergence between the A5PI-A factors and theoretically related external measures, as well as appropriate discriminant validity. Overall, the A5PI-A demonstrates solid psychometric properties and appears suitable for both research and applied psychological assessment in Spanish adolescent populations.
Aluja et al. (2026) studied this question.