In patients with resistant hypertension, both plasma aldosterone concentration and 24-hour urine aldosterone levels were independently and positively associated with the apnea-hypopnea index.
Cross-Sectional (n=534)
Is aldosterone excess associated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (AHI) in patients with resistant hypertension?
In patients with resistant hypertension, aldosterone excess is independently associated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea.
Effect estimate: β 0.32 for PAC, β 0.35 for 24h-urine aldosterone
p-value: p=<0.05
The present study was to investigate the association of aldosterone excess and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in patients with resistant hypertension. Patients with resistant hypertension were enrolled and baseline characteristics including plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and 24 h-urine aldosterone levels were collected and compared between groups with different degrees of AHI as assessed by polysomnography. Association of key variables and AHI was then evaluated by univariate and multiple linear regression analysis. A total of 534 patients with resistant hypertension were enrolled and mean age was 57 ± 11 years. Overall, mean number of AHI was 21.7 ± 9.6 and nearly 92.3% of resistant hypertensive patients had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Mean PAC and 24 h-urine aldosterone level was 12.4 ± 6.3 ng/dL and 13.1 ± 6.8 ug, respectively. Compared with other groups, participants in the severe OSA group (AHI ≥ 30) had significantly higher PAC and 24 h-urine aldosterone level. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that PAC and 24 h-urine aldosterone levels were positively associated with AHI, while spironolactone was negatively associated with AHI, independent of age, gender, body mass index, smoking, plasma renin activity and diuretics. OSA is highly prevalent in patients with resistant hypertension and both PAC and 24 h-urine aldosterone level are significantly associated with AHI.
Xiao et al. (2017) conducted a cross-sectional in Resistant hypertension (n=534). Plasma aldosterone concentration and 24 h-urine aldosterone was evaluated on Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (β 0.32 for PAC, β 0.35 for 24h-urine aldosterone, p=<0.05). In patients with resistant hypertension, both plasma aldosterone concentration and 24-hour urine aldosterone levels were independently and positively associated with the apnea-hypopnea index.