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Purpose This study aims to ascertain the effect of socio-demographic constraints on dimension of travel choice. This study also seeks to derive personal ecological explanations for variation in travel preference, travel intention and travel choice behavior of a wide range of destinations. Design/methodology/approach A large representative sample of 49,105 Australian respondents is utilized. Binary logistic regression is used to determine the impact of constraint variables. Findings Age, income and life stage have significant differential and interactive effects on travel behavior. Socio-demographic variables act in different ways to constrain/free different types of travel behavior. However there are significant levels of travel by even the most constrained groups as well as significant amounts of non-travel by the least constrained sectors of our society. These impacts are country specific. Research limitations/implications The travel motivations of constraint groups need to be considered to order better understand travel behavior. Investigation of psychological and ecological facilitators and constraints to travel is needed. Practical implications This information is most useful for market segmentation and the development of constraint group destination marketing plans. Managers can use utilize such results to minimize the barriers to travel by particular groups. Originality/value This paper utilizes a large database to provide insights into the personal ecological constraints to travel.
Kattiyapornpong et al. (2009) studied this question.