The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the potential of the green economy in reducing economic security threats and the importance of strategic transformation of the institutional environment for sustainable development. Methods: The study applies content analysis, economic-statistical analysis, and correlation methods to assess the relationship between environmental indicators and economic security. A comparative analysis of Russian and foreign approaches to green economy development is conducted, highlighting differences in institutional involvement and policy implementation. Results: The analysis reveals that environmental pollution in Russia measured through greenhouse gas emissions and waste generation correlates strongly with economic performance indicators such as GDP. Russia’s lag in green economy adoption is evident when compared to leading countries. Key constraints include insufficient institutional support, low investment attractiveness of green projects, and lack of mandatory environmental disclosure. Conclusion: Strengthening Russia’s economic security requires advancing green economy initiatives through institutional reforms. Strategic measures should include public–private partnerships, green financing mechanisms, and the creation of a central coordinating body. International experience confirms that integrating ecological priorities into economic planning leads to greater long-term stability and competitiveness.
Liman et al. (2026) studied this question.