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June 29, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Deriving the Form of the Born Distribution from the Reproducing-Kernel Property of a Localized Odd-Harmonic Wave: Reducing the Remaining Postulates to the Squaring Rule and Randomness

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NKNoriaki Kihara

Key Points

  • The aim is to derive the form of the Born distribution using the reproducing-kernel property of waves while reducing postulates to the squaring rule and randomness.
  • Utilized a constant-amplitude odd-harmonic sum on the half-wavelength phase interval as the localized kernel.
  • Adopted premises regarding observation as a convolution of the kernel with phase differences and the probability as the square of observed amplitude.
  • Derived the distribution model and validated results through accompanying verification code.
  • The observed amplitude perfectly reproduces any band-limited base wave without distortion.
  • Confirmed that the observed distribution aligns with |psi|^2 after normalization.
  • Established a mapping between physical localized waves and their reproducing kernel under the observation model.

Abstract

We regard the constant-amplitude odd-harmonic sum SN (isolated peak wave) on the half-wavelength phase interval as the localized kernel of observation, and adopt two premises: (i) observation is the convolution of the kernel with phase differences and the probability is the square of the observed amplitude; (ii) phase differences finer than the band are ignored (finite-N truncation). Because SN is the truncated reproducing kernel of the odd-harmonic basis on this interval, the observed amplitude reproduces any band-limited base wave without distortion, and the observed distribution coincides exactly with |psi|² (after normalization). For a complex base wave the squaring becomes a genuine modulus |Z|² = Z conj (Z) (not Z²), reaching the real-imaginary cross structure of the Born square. The paper derives the FORM of the distribution (faithful reproduction by the reproducing-kernel property) ; the squaring rule and the probability interpretation remain postulates. It does not claim to derive the Born rule or solve the measurement problem; rather it reduces the remaining postulates to the squaring rule and the existence of randomness. The reproducing-kernel identity itself is a classical fact of Fourier analysis (Dirichlet kernel / RKHS) ; the novelty is the mapping between the physical localized wave, its reproducing kernel, and the observation model. All results are reproduced to machine precision by the accompanying verification code.

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Cite This Study

Noriaki Kihara (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a420adff91bb43ea91921f6https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20965527
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