Patients with seizure-associated Takotsubo cardiomyopathy had more frequent cardiogenic shock (25% vs 8%, p=0.003) and recurrency (14% vs 3%, p=0.004) compared with general Takotsubo series.
Observational (n=1,010)
Does seizure-associated Takotsubo cardiomyopathy differ in clinical presentation and outcomes compared to Takotsubo cardiomyopathy associated with other triggers?
Seizure-associated Takotsubo cardiomyopathy presents atypically compared to other triggers, with patients being younger, more frequently male, having less chest pain, but experiencing significantly higher rates of cardiogenic shock and recurrence.
Absolute Event Rate: 25% vs 8%
p-value: p=0.003
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is characterized by chest pain, dyspnea, electrocardiographic changes resembling an acute coronary syndrome, and transient wall-motion abnormalities without identifiable coronary culprit lesion explaining the wall-motion abnormality. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy occurs frequently after emotional or physical stress. Seizures have been reported as triggers of takotsubo cardiomyopathy. It is unknown if seizure-associated takotsubo cardiomyopathy differs from takotsubo cardiomyopathy associated with other triggers. Seizure-associated takotsubo cardiomyopathy cases from the literature were compared with takotsubo cardiomyopathy series comprising 30 or more patients. Thirty-six seizure-associated takotsubo cardiomyopathy cases (6 male, mean-age 61.5 years) were found. Seizure-type were tonic-clonic (n = 13), generalized (n = 5), status epilepticus (n = 6), grand mal (n = 2), or not reported (n = 13). Twelve patients had a history of epilepsy, in 15 patients takotsubo cardiomyopathy-associated seizure was the first or the information was not given (n = 9). In 17 patients takotsubo cardiomyopathy occurred immediately after the seizure, in 9 patients 1-72 h postictally, and in 10 patients, the interval was not reported. In 20 patients neurologic disorders were reported and in 14 psychiatric disorders were reported. There were medical comorbidities in 17 patients, arterial hypertension (n = 11), hyponatremia (n = 2), and cancer (n = 2). Compared with 974 patients reported in takotsubo cardiomyopathy -series, patients with seizure-associated takotsubo cardiomyopathy were younger (61.5 vs. 68.5 years, p < 0.0001), more frequently males (17 vs. 9%, p = 0.004), had less frequent chest pain (6 vs.76%, p < 0.005), more frequent cardiogenic shock (25 vs. 8%, p = 0.003), and more frequent recurrency (14 vs. 3%, p = 0.004). Seizure-associated takotsubo cardiomyopathy manifests frequently as sudden hemodynamic deterioration, which could result in death in the absence of adequate help. Probably some cases of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy are attributable to takotsubo cardiomyopathy.
Stöllberger et al. (2011) conducted an observational in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (n=1,010). Seizure vs. General takotsubo cardiomyopathy series (other triggers) was evaluated on Cardiogenic shock (p=0.003). Patients with seizure-associated Takotsubo cardiomyopathy had more frequent cardiogenic shock (25% vs 8%, p=0.003) and recurrency (14% vs 3%, p=0.004) compared with general Takotsubo series.
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