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July 13, 20260 citationsOpen Access

SFM 2.1 and the End of the Universe: Cosmic Fate, Continuation Failure, and Descriptive Admissibility at Final Scale

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APA J Paton

Key Points

  • This work examines the admissible continuations and descriptions of cosmic end-state scenarios beyond observable limits.
  • Analyzed proposed cosmic end-states including heat death, big rip, and black-hole evaporation.
  • Investigated structural conditions for persistence, relations, and observation in cosmic endings.
  • Applied SFM 2.1 framework to evaluate implications of cosmic end-states.
  • Identified key factors for admissibility in cosmic descriptions as conditions dwindle.
  • Highlighted the significance of continuation-boundary conditions in interpreting final cosmic events.
  • Outlined the limitations of existing frameworks in addressing cosmic persistence and meaning.

Abstract

This paper applies SFM 2.1 to proposed cosmic end-state scenarios, including heat death, big rip, big crunch, vacuum decay, black-hole evaporation futures, and unknown final regimes. It does not claim to predict the final fate of the universe, extend the physical life of the universe, or replace cosmology, general relativity, thermodynamics, quantum field theory, or existing physical models. Instead, it asks what kinds of continuation, description, and meaning remain admissible when the structural conditions required for events, observers, relations, matter, time-order, and persistence are progressively exhausted. The paper treats cosmic endings as continuation-boundary conditions rather than merely final events. Each proposed end-state is analysed according to what persists, what locks the transition, what descriptions remain admissible, what continuity geometry remains possible, and what traversal can still proceed. Core proposition: Before asking how the universe ends, we must ask what kinds of continuation remain admissible as the conditions required for structure, relation, time-order, matter, observation, and persistence are exhausted.

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Cite This Study

A J Paton (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a548219475c38bf615a5b15https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21315762
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