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The research agendas of artificial intelligence and real-time systems are converging as AI methods move toward domains that require real-time responses, and real-time systems move toward complex applications that require intelligent behavior. They meet at the crossroads in an exciting new subfield commonly called "real-time AI." This subfield is still being defined, and the precise goals for various real-time AI systems are in flux. Our goal is to identify promising areas for future research in both real-time and AI techniques. We describe an organizing conceptual structure for current real-time AI research, exploring the meanings this term has acquired. We then identify the goals of real-time AI research and specify some necessary steps for reaching them.>
Musliner et al. (1995) studied this question.