Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
The Globalstar cellular-telephone satellite system is described, including its use of code-division multiple access (CDMA) as the basic modulation scheme. Use of diversity for signal quality as well as power control is described, Development of the complex array antennas for L-band (1.6 GHz) and S-band (2.5 GHz) communication with the hand-held radios is described in detail.
Dietrich et al. (1998) studied this question.