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August 2, 2026Circulation253 citationsOpen Access

Sex Differences in Blood Pressure Associations With Cardiovascular Outcomes

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HJHongwei JiTNTeemu NiiranenFRFlorian Rader

Key Result

The abstract discusses potential sex differences in normal systolic blood pressure ranges and cardiovascular risk, but reports no quantitative findings.

Key Points

  • To investigate whether there are sex differences in blood pressure levels and their association with cardiovascular disease outcomes.
  • Analyzed previous studies examining blood pressure and cardiovascular disease outcomes.
  • Considered normal SBP levels and potential variations by sex.
  • Found that average BP levels are lower in women than in men.
  • Limited data on whether a different normal SBP range for women exists.

PICO

P
Population
Cardiovascular diseases
E
Exposure / Comparator
Systolic blood pressure

Abstract

blood pressure cardiovascular diseases sex F or decades, 120 mm Hg has been considered the normal upper limit for adult systolic blood pressure (SBP). Practice guidelines have long referred to this threshold for classifying ranges of blood pressure (BP) elevation and treatment targets, given the consistent epidemiologic finding that cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is continuously increased from the SBP level of 120 mm Hg and upwards. 1 Amid previous studies using outcomes associations to determine a normal SBP range, there remain limited data on potential sex differences. It is well known that BP levels in adulthood are on average lower in women than men in the healthy state 2 ; however, whether or not a lower range of SBP might be considered normal for women versus men is unclear.

Expert Takes7 quotes

1/7

“We've been assuming up to this time that 120 is the number to worry about, and anything under 120 is totally fine and safe for both women and men. It turns out it's probably fine and safe for men, but not necessarily for women.”

Susan Cheng, Director, Population Health Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical Centerauto_pipelineSupportiveView source
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Cite This Study

Ji et al. (2021) conducted an editorial in Cardiovascular diseases. Systolic blood pressure was evaluated. The abstract discusses potential sex differences in normal systolic blood pressure ranges and cardiovascular risk, but reports no quantitative findings.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a6f0b8a59a9658f037be74bhttps://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.120.049360
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