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Observations of optically induced crosstalk drift in LiNbO3 waveguide directional coupler switches at 0.633- and 1.06-μm wavelengths are reported. At 1.06 μm, crosstalk has been observed to remain below −25 dB for optical powers of 1 mW. The drift at 0.633 μm is explained in terms of the photorefractive effect of LiNbO3.
Schmidt et al. (1980) studied this question.