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The spontaneous emission spectra and lasing characteristics of long-wavelength (1.3-/spl mu/m) quantum-dot lasers are studied. It is found experimentally that nonradiative recombination can dominate the room-temperature efficiency and limit threshold, By describing the quantum-dot spectral emission as due to energy levels of a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator, rate equations are developed to account for the temperature-dependent spontaneous and lasing characteristics.
Deppe et al. (1999) studied this question.