Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
By exposing an electrode surface with a latent fingerprint to electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-generating luminophore, ECL is produced from the surface not covered by the fingerprint, generating a negative image (see picture, left). The fingerprint can also be pre-stained by luminophores, which generates ECL and yields a positive image (right). ITO=indium tin oxide.
Xu et al. (2012) studied this question.