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August 14, 2026Quantum Reports0 citationsOpen Access

A Two-Step Quantum–Classical Threshold at 13.1–22.6 µg with Exact Ratio 3 from a Close-Packed Vacuum Lattice

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RKRaghu Kulkarni

Key Points

  • Predict the physical mass limits for macroscopic quantum superpositions by modeling the quantum vacuum as a discrete geometric network.
  • Modeled space-time vacuum geometry as a discrete face-centered-cubic tensor network with Bell-pair entanglement bonds.
  • Calibrated the lattice bond length to 1.665 Planck lengths using the Bekenstein–Hawking area law and applied the Compton representability hypothesis to center-of-mass modes.
  • Identified an initial reversible deformation threshold at m_soft ≈ 13.1 µg and a final coherence limit at m_hard ≈ 22.6 µg.
  • Derived an exact, parameter-free ratio of √3 separating the two mass scales based on cuboctahedral triangular face geometry.
  • Found that existing 16.2 µg macroscopic quantum resonators fall precisely within the predicted intermediate window where coherence remains viable.

Abstract

We model the vacuum as a discrete face-centered-cubic (K=12) tensor network with Bell-pair bonds and use it to predict a two-step quantum-to-classical threshold for macroscopic center-of-mass superpositions. A reversible dispersive deformation of the center-of-mass mode sets in at msoft≈13.1μg, and coherence becomes geometrically unsustainable at mhard≈22.6μg. The two scales are separated by the exact, parameter-free ratio 3, fixed by the edge-to-circumradius ratio of the cuboctahedral triangular face. Gravitational-collapse models predict a single scale of the same order, so the distinctive, falsifiable content is the two-step structure and the exact 3 separation, testable by a mass scan across the window; the recent 16.2μg cat-state oscillator of Bild et al. falls between the thresholds, where coherence is not ruled out. The absolute window depends on the bond length L=4ln2ℓP≈1.665ℓP, fixed by one calibration against the Bekenstein–Hawking area law. This calibration and the Compton representability hypothesis—that a mass excitation remains coherent only while its reduced Compton wavelength is resolvable by the lattice—are stated model inputs rather than derivations, motivated by the Compton frequency internal clock of massive excitations, the mass cutoff generic to lattice-regularized field theories, and the total-mass dependence observed in composite-object interferometry. Open problems are stated explicitly.

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Cite This Study

Raghu Kulkarni (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7ec79cb70b84ec8b9140e6https://doi.org/10.3390/quantum8030078
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