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Sun sans Pt: This Minireview summarizes the development of platinum-free catalysts for use as counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells. These catalysts comprise various metals, carbon materials, conductive polymers, and inorganic materials (transition metal carbides, nitrides, oxides, sulfides, and phosphides). The research work reported so far highlights the importance of a proper match between counter electrode catalyst and redox couple.
Wu et al. (2012) studied this question.