Does rhythm control reduce all-cause mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction compared to rate control?
In patients with atrial fibrillation and HFpEF, a rhythm control strategy is associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality compared to rate control.
Background There are few prospective studies assessing the benefits of rhythm control of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which accounts for 50% of all heart failure patients. Objective Conduct a meta-analysis to assess the effects of rhythm control (ablation and/or antiarrhythmic medications) vs rate control on all-cause mortality in AF patients with HFpEF. Methods Databases were searched for studies reporting the effect of rhythm control vs rate control on mortality in patients with HFpEF (Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and EBSCO CINAHL). The search was not restricted to time or publication status. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. The minimum duration of follow-up required for inclusion was 1 year. Results The literature search identified 1210 candidate studies; 5 studies and 16,825 patients were included. The study population had 57% men with a mean age of 71± 2.5 years. Rhythm control for AF was associated with lower all-cause mortality (odds ratio 0.735, 95% confidence interval 0.665–0.813; P < .001) as compared to rate control. Conclusion Rhythm control for AF in patients with HFpEF was associated with decreased all-cause mortality.
Al‐Sadawi et al. (2022) studied this question.
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