This study redefines the electron not as a fundamental particle but as an emergent product of electromagnetic rotational resonance. Absolute temperature, 0 K (−273 °C), is defined as the reference state in which all electromagnetic motion and resonance are completely arrested. The degree of deviation from this reference state is interpreted as temperature, thereby redefining temperature not as a mere measure of thermal energy but as a physical indicator of the deviation of an electromagnetic resonant state. The compressive component generated by resonant rotation—referred to as thermal contraction pressure—is particularly amplified by rotational motion, providing an explanation for the prevalence of rotational structures in the universe from the perspective of resonance persistence and stability. Furthermore, this study proposes a continuous branching framework in which material states diverge into solid, molten (liquid), gaseous, biological, combustion, and nuclear fusion regimes according to the degree of confinement, relaxation, and detachment of electronic resonance. These branching points are interpreted not as processes of energy creation or annihilation, but as phase transformations and morphological transitions of electromagnetic resonance structures. The proposed framework offers an integrative interpretive model that unifies electricity, electromagnetism, thermodynamics, biophysics, and astrophysics within a single continuous language of resonance-driven matter branching. *Note: This paper is part of a series of studies. For a more comprehensive understanding, readers are encouraged to refer to the materials listed below.
JEON et al. (2025) studied this question.