Intravenous atrial natriuretic peptide in conscious rabbits reduced mean arterial pressure by 3-14%, driven entirely by a 14-20% fall in cardiac output, without systemic vasodilatation.
Does intravenous atrial natriuretic peptide alter hemodynamic parameters in conscious rabbits under intact and blocked neurohumoral conditions?
Atrial natriuretic peptide reduces mean arterial pressure primarily by decreasing cardiac output and atrial pressures without causing systemic vasodilatation, while also appearing to inhibit cardiovascular reflexes.
We studied the hemodynamic changes produced in conscious, chronically instrumented rabbits during steady-state administration of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). We administered synthetic alpha-human ANP intravenously (i.v.) at progressively increasing doses of 1, 2, and 4 micrograms/min, each for 30 min. In different experiments in each rabbit, we determined the effects of the peptide under closed-loop conditions in the intact animal and the "direct" circulatory effects of the peptide after "total" blockade of the autonomic nervous system (TAB) and after combined neurohumoral blockade (NHB), where in addition the vascular effects of vasopressin and angiotensin II were also prevented. In intact rabbits, ANP produced a dose-related reduction in mean arterial pressure (MAP, -3 to -14%), which was entirely due to a fall in cardiac output (CO, -14 to -20%), and there was a small rise in total peripheral resistance (TPR 5-12%). Heart rate remained unchanged. In rabbits subjected to TAB and NHB, all hemodynamic effects of ANP were attenuated. There were dose-related falls in left and right atrial pressures which reached maxima of -3.3 +/- 0.9 and -1.8 +/- 0.2 mm Hg, respectively. There was a reversible rise in hematocrit, probably owing to a shift of approximately 8% in blood volume. These effects occurred mainly through direct actions of the peptide, and there was no evidence of systemic vasodilatation. The magnitude of reflex autonomic effects appeared to be less than expected for the observed fall in MAP, suggesting that ANP also inhibited cardiovascular reflexes.
Woods et al. (1989) studied this question. Synthetic alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) vs. Baseline / autonomic blockade states was evaluated on Hemodynamic changes (mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance). Intravenous atrial natriuretic peptide in conscious rabbits reduced mean arterial pressure by 3-14%, driven entirely by a 14-20% fall in cardiac output, without systemic vasodilatation.