Does metformin-induced AMPK activation prevent extracellular matrix remodeling of pulmonary arteries in a rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension?
Metformin-induced AMPK activation reduces right ventricular systolic pressure and hypertrophy while inhibiting extracellular matrix remodeling in a rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
BACKGROUND: The current study was performed to investigate the effect of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) - activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation on the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling of pulmonary arteries in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and to address its potential mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: PAH was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (MCT) into Sprague-Dawley rats. Metformin (MET) was administered to activate AMPK. Immunoblotting was used to determine the phosphorylation and expression of AMPK and expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1). Gelatin zymography was performed to determine the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9. RESULTS: Activation of AMPK by MET significantly reduced the right ventricle systolic pressure and the right ventricular hypertrophy in MCT-induced rat PAH model, and partially inhibited the ECM remodeling of pulmonary arteries. These effects were coupled with the decrease of MMP-2/9 activity and TIMP-1 expression. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that activation of AMPK benefits PAH by inhibiting ECM remodeling of pulmonary arteries. Enhancing AMPK activity might have potential value in clinical treatment of PAH.
Li et al. (2016) studied this question.