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This study investigates the estimation of the boundary layer height (PBLH) in Huelva, Spain, in November 2023, using different methods: Richardson number, humidity gradient and refractivity gradient. From the virtual potential profiles of temperature and specific humidity, in the case of daytime PBLH, which method works best in some situations when there are discrepancies between results is discussed. The results are then compared with the PBLH values obtained from the ERA-5 reanalysis. The synoptic analysis shows that the decrease in PBLH in the central weeks of the month is compatible with a thermal inversion by subsidence due to a persistent anticyclonic situation. Regarding air quality, the NO2 concentrations in the air quality station of Matalascañas, which is a background station, show negative correlations with the PBLH.
Muguruza et al. (2025) studied this question.