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Surgically created arteriovenous fistulas of the Brescia-Cimino type are commonly used for dialysis. When they fail, it can be a very difficult and time-consuming problem to manage surgically. The authors describe a simple method of evaluating and treating failing Brescia-Cimino fistulas in outpatients, involving a combination of cinefistulography, pressure measurements, and balloon angioplasty.
Hunter et al. (1983) studied this question.