Abstract The fidelity and rate of messages (or key rate in quantum key distribution (QKD)) over long distance quantum channels decreases exponentially with distance. The most common and well-known approach to solving this fundamental problem is the so-called quantum repeater. We show that a repeater graph states (RGS) structure using W states and propose a steering repeater protocol. The protocol uses a simple RGS structure, reduces the complexity of RGS generation. Meanwhile, we use measurement-device-independent entanglement witness (MDI-EW) to ensure the security of the repeater link. In addition, this work then demonstrates that the RGS protocol can transfer steering states and that these states can be used for applications beyond quantum key distribution.
Du et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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