Abstract The (t,n)-threshold schemes offer significant advantages over (n,n)-threshold schemes due to their flexibility, fault tolerance, and practicality. In this paper, a (t,n)-threshold quantum secret-sharing (QSS) scheme based on single photons is proposed by incorporating unitary phase shift operations. The proposed scheme employs symmetric bivariate polynomials and utilizes polynomial interpolation for secret sharing. This approach facilitates the secure distribution of classical data and quantum states while maintaining confidentiality and integrity during transmission. Mutual identity authentication between the dealer and participants is ensured, and the accuracy of secret reconstruction is achieved using Lagrange interpolation. The analysis demonstrates that the proposed scheme is resilient against common interception methods, including eavesdropping attacks and participant-driven threats such as entanglement swapping. Additionally, the scheme is characterized by ease of implementation within physical frameworks and adaptability to various applications, offering a practical and efficient alternative to existing methods.
Mawlia et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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