This study examines the impact of Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) on Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) adoption and women's health outcomes in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), using descriptive and propensity score matching analysis, surveying 820 households across Kulgam and Rajouri districts. Our findings highlight that PMUY facilitated LPG adoption for 67.57% of households, contributing to a total LPG connection rate of 95.59%. However, fuel stacking persists, with 84.63% of households using both LPG and solid fuels, driven by a complex set of factors including affordability issues, access to cheaper firewood, limited access to information and infrastructural challenges. While health benefits, such as reduced respiratory ailments, are observed among beneficiaries, these gains are constrained by continued solid fuel use. The study emphasizes the importance of complementary appliances, awareness campaigns, and improved infrastructure to maximize PMUY's potential and encourage a transition toward exclusive clean fuel use.
Sofi et al. (Sat,) studied this question.