With the growing demand for noninvasive monitoring of electrophysiological signals for healthcare and medical diagnostics, the development of flexible and sensitive biosensors has become increasingly important. This work reports a polyurethane/nickel sponge with a PVA/PEDOT:PSS electrode (PuNiPPE) for noninvasive electrophysiological signal recording. The PuNiPPE is constructed on a polyurethane sponge substrate that undergoes surface conductive modification through chemical nickel plating and is filled with a PVA physiological hydrogel incorporating PEDOT:PSS. This design endows PuNiPPE with exceptional flexibility, allowing it to closely adhere to the skin and achieve high-quality signal acquisition. The electrode demonstrates high electrical conductivity and a sustained release mechanism of physiological saline, resulting in low impedance (2829.3 Ω at 1000 Hz) and enhanced electrical stability. In practical applications, PuNiPPE outperforms commercial electrodes in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), with 23 dB compared to 17 dB, suggesting that PuNiPPE could be a promising solution for improving the efficiency and reliability of wearable biosensors in electrophysiological monitoring.
Chen et al. (Fri,) studied this question.