Organic composting involves the natural breakdown of organic waste into nutrient-enriched soil additives. This method supports sustainable agriculture by offering both environmental and agricultural benefits. Research has consistently demonstrated that vermicompost is rich in nutrients and serves as a high-quality compost. However, comparative studies on vermicomposting outcomes based on different organic waste types and available solid waste materials are relatively scarce. The present investigation evaluates the efficiency of three earthworm species Eisenia foetida, Eudrilus eugeniae and Perionyx excavates in processing organic waste through vermicomposting. The experimental setup included eight treatments. Organic matter used for composting consisted of 60% household waste and 40% cow dung. The vermicomposting process lasted 90 days, during which worm development and the physico-chemical characteristics of the compost were observed. The resulting compost was brownish-black and rich in essential macro- and micronutrients. Among the earthworms studied, Eisenia foetida demonstrated superior growth and composting performance. The pH of the compost ranged from 7 to 8, remaining within the optimal range throughout nutrient levels, such as nitrogen, potassium, and calcium, increased significantly, while organic carbon content and the C:N ratio showed a decreasing trend across all treatments. Notably, vermicompost produced with Eisenia foetida recorded the highest nitrogen, potassium and calcium concentrations, along with favorable C: N ratios of 12.4 and 12.5.This study concluded that vermicomposting is an efficient method for converting paper and household waste into valuable biofertilizer. Eisenia foetida emerged as the most effective species for producing nutrient-rich vermicompost and managing organic waste sustainably.
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