Kim Baek-pyeong was awarded the Order of Merit for National Foundation in 1990 in recognition of his contribution to distributing the Declaration of Independence and participating in the Manse demonstration during the March 1st Movement in 1919. In 2009, he was a person whose remains were enshrined in the United States and returned to the National Cemetery, but there is controversy over his pro-Nazi activities. He was born in Yeosu in 1900 as the son of a wealthy and influential family. His father Kim Han-seung and his second brother Kim Woo-pyeong were pro-Japanese, while Kim Baek-pyeong and his third brother Kim Kwan-pyeong participated in the national movement. He participated in the March 1st Movement in 1919 while attending the fourth grade of Gyeongseong High School. As a result, he spent one year and two months in prison before returning home and organizing a youth group called “Matdopoe(A group that promotes helping each other)” in 1921 to conduct enlightenment and national movements. Due to Japanese surveillance, he went to Tokyo, Japan, in 1922 to study sociology. In 1925, he went to Germany and published a magazine 『ヘーばー』 of the anti-Japanese independence group 'Yudeokgoryeohaguhoe(Association of Korean Students in Germany)', and also delivered a speech at the national memorial ceremony. He continued his independence movement as the group's president. Meanwhile, from 1927, he studied anthropology and biology at the University of Berlin, and later entered medical school and worked as a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology. He provided scientific support for Nazi racial ideologies at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute and Krakow, Poland. It is estimated that he was a member of the quasi-military organization 'National Socialist Flying Corps' created by the Nazis. Even after moving to the United States in the 1950s, he would have continued eugenics research using humans as subjects. He died in the United States on December 17, 1990, at the age of 91. That year, he was awarded the Order of Merit for National Foundation in connection with the March 1st Movement. In celebration of the 90th anniversary of the establishment of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea in 2009, his remains were brought back from abroad and enshrined in the Daejeon National Cemetery after a repatriation ceremony. As a result of examining the life and activities of Kim Baek-pyeong, an independence activist from Yeosu, the appearance of the anti-Japanese national movement and the pro-Nazi activities appeared together, showing his dual side.
Eun-ae So (Thu,) studied this question.