In Ayurveda, the mouth (Mukha) is described as having seven crucial anatomical parts, known as the Saptangas, which include the Oshta (lips), Dantamula (gums), Danta (teeth), Jihwa (tongue), Talu (palate), Gala (throat) and Mukhadi (oral cavity/oral mucosa). Diseases afflicting the above oral structures are collectively classified as Mukharogas, a comprehensive term for various oral disorders. Acharya Sushruta has explained 65 types of Mukharogas, while Acharya Vagbhata has described 75. Among these conditions, disorders specifically affecting the gums are known as Dantamularogas, comprising 15 distinct types. In Ayurveda, great emphasis is placed on the causative factors, signs and symptoms, prevention and treatment modalities for Dantamulagata rogas. This emphasis on oral health underscores its integral role in achieving and maintaining overall health and wellness. Acharya Sushruta and other ancient scholars highlighted that oral hygiene practices are essential not only for preventing local diseases but also for promoting systemic health. By Swastavritta upayas Danta swasthya (dental health) and mukha swasthya (oral health) can be achieved. These practices includes Dantadhavana (brushing the teeth), Jihwanirlekhana (tongue scraping), Tambula sevana (chewing betel leaf), Kavala (oil pulling or gargling), Gandusha (holding medicated liquid in the mouth), Pratisarana (applying medicated powders or pastes on the gums), Nasya (nasal administration of medicated oils) and Murdha taila (application of oil on the scalp). These practices serve not only to maintain oral hygiene but also to promote overall health. In this context, the present article provides a detailed literary review of common Dantamulagata rogas as described in various classical Ayurvedic texts.
P Vieira J G (Mon,) studied this question.
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