This study focuses on the influence of different brake pad formulations on the emission of particulate matter coming from car braking systems. The brake particles were characterised using a pin-on-disc bench and some particle measuring devices such as CPC, APS, SMPS and a PM10 sampling unit. Seven samples of brake pad materials of different compositions (1 NAO and 6 Low Steel) were tested against grey cast iron discs. The results presented in this work show differences in particle number concentration and PM10 emission factor between the different friction materials tested. Three friction materials, LS04, LS06 and NAO01, reduce particle number emissions by up to 71% and PM10 emissions by up to 57%. On the other hand, this reduction in particulate emissions goes along with a reduction of 20% to 27% in the coefficient of friction. The microscopic analyses carried out on the test parts (pins and discs) show differences between the most emissive and the least emissive friction pairs, which may explain the differences observed in particle emissions. Correlations between the emission of particles and the concentration of iron of the PM10, as well as the steel fibre content in the formulas, were found.
Hoff et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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