What type of study is this?

This is a Quantitative Study study.

September 17, 2025

Sensitivity, Specificity and Test-Retest Reliability Comparison of a Novel Real-Time and four Offline Resting-State fMRI Analysis Pipelines

LDLogan T. DowdleUniversity of Minnesota JZJing ZhangQingdao University CTCurtis TatsuokaUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore

Key Points

Real-time rsfMRI analysis demonstrates comparable sensitivity and specificity to established offline pipelines, enhancing its clinical relevance.
Performance metrics indicated variability among analysis pipelines, with several metrics showing real-time performance within offline ranges.
Using data from the Human Connectome Project and various patient samples, the analysis focused on test-retest reliability and sensitivity.
Standardization of rsfMRI analysis pipelines is emphasized, given the variability and emerging equivalence to state-of-the-art offline techniques.

Abstract

Motivation: Standardization of resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) data analysis is an increasingly important goal for achieving clinical acceptance. A performance comparison of widely used seed-based rsfMRI analysis pipelines has not been reported. Goal(s): We compare a real-time rsfMRI analysis pipeline (TurboFIRE) with AFNI, CONN, C-PAC and IClinfMRI. Approach: Human Connectome Project rsfMRI data (25 subjects) and high-speed rsfMRI data (15 controls and 14 brain tumor patients) were analyzed to assess 8 performance metrics of sensitivity, specificity and test-rest reliability. Results: Considerable variability of performance metrics was measured between pipelines with real-time rsfMRI analysis pipeline results being within the range of the offline analysis pipeline results. Impact: This study emphasizes the need to further standardize rsfMRI analysis pipelines. It also shows that real-time rsfMRI analysis now approaches the sensitivity, specificity and test-retest reliability of state-of-the-art offline analysis pipelines.

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