What type of study is this?

This is a Quantitative Study study.

September 17, 2025

APT-Weighted Imaging and ADC Histogram Analysis for Predicting Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

Key Points

The APTw histogram model showed superior predictive performance for treatment response in rectal cancer patients.
An AUC of 0.954 indicates the model's strength, outperforming both MRI-TRG (0.693) and RECIST 1.1 (0.792).
Utilizing APT-weighted imaging and ADC histogram provided a novel and non-invasive method for evaluating treatment response.
The study indicates the potential of early assessment of treatment response in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

Abstract

Motivation: Early predicting the response to nCRT is important for patients with potentially curable locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Goal(s): To assess early treatment response and explore personalized strategies to enhance therapeutic outcomes. Approach: Using radiotherapy-induced APTw and ADC histogram before radiotherapy and after the 10th session of radiotherapy to quantitatively describe the corresponding changes. Results: The model constructed using APTw histogram features at the 10th radiotherapy session exhibited the best predictive performance (AUC 0.954), outperforming MRI-TRG (AUC 0.693) and RECIST 1.1 (AUC 0.792), which can be used for early clinical assessment of treatment response in LARC patients receiving nCRT. Impact: The histogram characteristics and characteristic change of the APTw and ADC of pre- and mid treatment can non-invasively and predict the treatment response of LARC patients undergoing nCRT, providing a novel quantitative assessment method for evaluating treatment response.

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