RESEARCH REPORT Foreign Trade and European Union Integration: Ex-Post Evaluation of FTA Effects

This study consists of an ex-post evaluation of the effects of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) in the context of foreign trade and integration into the European Union (EU). The use of FTAs has been a key element in the strategies of countries seeking to improve access to international markets and achieve integration into the EU’s trade structures. In this analysis, free trade agreements are examined as instruments for improving access and influencing economic growth. Through an in-depth evaluation, the advantages and challenges associated with these agreements are analyzed, focusing on their economic, social, and political benefits. The study includes an analysis of trade flows, the development of key sectors, the growth of exports, the effects on income levels, and the changes in domestic and foreign policies. Concrete examples of countries integrated into the EU and the impact of FTAs on them are also examined, providing deeper insights into economic and social transformations. This study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the link between FTAs, foreign trade, and the process of integration into the EU. By analyzing achievements and challenges, it provides recommendations to improve strategies and policies for countries to benefit more from this process and strengthen their relations with the EU.