A Lightweight and Dynamic Authentication Scheme Based on Blockchain and aSVC for UAV Swarm

The rapid development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarm technology has led to its increasingly vital role in intelligent transportation, environmental monitoring, and emergency response. However, existing centralized identity authentication mechanisms are susceptible to single points of failure and identity forgery in dynamic environments. While blockchain technology offers a distributed trust architecture, its inherent high storage and computational overhead pose significant challenges for resource-constrained UAV networks. To mitigate these challenges, this paper introduces a novel lightweight and dynamic identity authentication scheme that integrates blockchain with aggregatable subvector commitments (aSVC). This proposed scheme employs aSVC to effectively compress identity states, complemented by efficient batch authentication and asynchronous update mechanisms. Consequently, this approach reduces on-chain storage overhead to a constant level and achieves a statistically significant optimization of the computational complexity for batch authentication, transforming key cryptographic operations from linear dependence on the number of UAVs to a constant level.