Abstract: Globally, the fisheries industry produces millions of tonnes of waste each year, consisting of fish heads, bones, skins, viscera, and shells. While this waste is often discarded or used as low-value animal feed, it actually contains many valuable bioactive compounds such as proteins, collagen, chitosan, omega-3 fatty acids, and minerals. In recent years, researchers, entrepreneurs, and fishing communities have begun transforming this waste into useful products for food, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, agriculture, and biodegradable materials. This paper explores how such innovations are being developed, especially in India, where small scale fishers and start-ups are finding affordable solutions to process fish waste into high-value goods. It discusses the challenges of awareness, infrastructure, and market access, and presents the practical solutions being implemented. The results show that these initiatives reduce pollution, generate income, empower women, and contribute to a circular economy in fisheries.
Prakash Gowri (Sat,) studied this question.
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