The current research aims to depict how the principle of responsive justice is incorporated in the process of electoral law modification in Indonesia, India, and Australia, as well as to explain the reasons for their differences and the problems of achieving responsive justice in these countries. These objectives are attained through a normative legal approach which includes, but is not limited to, comparative studies, descriptive and explanatory analysis, as well as library research on the electoral legal frameworks of these three nations to determine their compliance with the principle of responsive justice. The results show that the socio-political and economic environment of each country shapes the responsive justice principles to electoral law reforms in the three nations. An open proportional system, coupled with the guarantee of women’s representation is formulated in Indonesia, but suffers from money politics and party system fragmentation. Though the fact governance infrastructure and configurations of elections e.g. government style and usage of Electronic Voting Machines (EVM) technology brings a lot of complexity, India does use the first-past-the-post (FPTP) system, which is less proportional. The EVM technology and FPTP system allow for reserved seats for the marginalized groups as well. Australia stands out with preferential voting, mandatory voting, and accessibility for marginalized groups, although campaign finance transparency remains an issue. Challenges include the influence of political elites, weak legal oversight, and disproportionate representation, while opportunities lie in the use of technology, improved political education, and more transparent and accountable inclusive policies This research is significant because it addresses both theoretical and practical needs in electoral law reform, provides valuable comparative insights, and offers an approach oriented toward substantive justice. These three countries offer valuable lessons in developing electoral systems responsive to societal needs and the challenges of modern democracy.
Sudarmanto et al. (Mon,) studied this question.