Assessment of Knowledge and Practices of Medical Emergencies in Medical and Dental Students of the University of Ha'il, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Aim and background Medical emergencies (MEs) pose urgent threats to life and occur frequently, with primary care providers seeing at least one emergency per year. Common MEs include asthma, anaphylaxis, seizures, and cardiac arrest. However, many medical offices are ill-equipped to handle these emergencies. Practices should obtain appropriate emergency equipment and medications based on their patient population, provider expertise, and proximity to the ER. A lack of emergency preparedness and training can have fatal consequences, so all healthcare providers must be well-prepared to respond. Providing basic life support (BLS) is the crucial first step until definitive treatment is available. The study aimed to assess emergency-related knowledge, its relationship to expertise, and the need for emergency management training among medical/dental students at University of Ha'il (UOH) in Saudi Arabia. Methods The study included 214 participants. It consisted of male and female dental and medical students in their clinical years at the UOH in Saudi Arabia. This targeted sampling approach ensured the study focused on the relevant demographic factors of dental and medical students to provide insights into their level of MR-related knowledge and its relationship to their expertise, as well as their awareness and need for training in ME management. The researchers aimed to assess these factors among the medical and dental students at the UOH. Result Dental and medical students show a strong grasp of emergency care fundamentals, with 78.6% familiar with BLS protocols. Most students correctly identify crucial actions, such as assessing airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs), and immobilizing the head and neck for spinal injuries. Responses to emergencies include starting chest compressions, calling 911, and administering appropriate treatments for cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological issues. Despite high competency levels, continuous education is vital to maintain and enhance their preparedness for emergencies. Conclusions Dental and medical students demonstrate a solid understanding of BLS, with 78.6% familiar with protocols and many identifying critical emergency actions. However, inconsistencies in responses highlight the need for ongoing education to improve decision-making and preparedness. Continuous training will ensure these future healthcare professionals are equipped to handle real-world emergencies effectively.